Igalofu ebusuku idinga ukukhanya okwanele, ngakho-ke kukhona okulindeleke kakhulu ekukhanyisweni kwesifundo.Izidingo zokukhanyisa ezinkundleni zegalofu zihlukile kuneminye imidlalo, ngakho-ke izindaba okufanele zibhekwe nazo zihlukile.Isifundo sikhulu kakhulu futhi sinemigwaqo eminingi.Kunemigwaqo eyi-18 yenkundla yegalofu engu-par 72.I-fairways inezimbobo ezingu-18.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fairwaways ibheke ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.Ukwengeza, indawo ye-fairway ayilingani futhi ishintsha njalo.Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukunquma indawo yezigxobo zokukhanya, uhlobo lomthombo wokukhanya, kanye nesiqondiso sokukhanya kokukhanya.Umklamo wesifundo uyinkimbinkimbi futhi unzima.Ukukhanyisa kwe-VKSizoxoxa ngezici eziningi, kuhlanganise nomklamo wokukhanyisa nokukhetha.
Lighting Design
Igalofu wumdlalo wangaphandle owenza isikhala esiningi.Ibhola liphonswa ngaphezu kotshani ngabantu abahamba phezu kwalo.Uma ukhanyisa inkundla yegalofu, kubalulekile ukucabangela okungaphezu nje kokukhanya okuvela ezinyaweni zomdlali wegalofu kanye nebhola elishaya utshani.Kubalulekile ukugcina indawo engaphezulu yenkundla ikhanya ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ungafiphali inkundla.Ukukhanyisa izikhukhula kuyindlela yokwenza ukukhanya kuthambile futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo ezibonakalayo zabadlali begalofu.
Imbobo yenkundla yegalofu yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-fairway (FA IRWA Y), i-tee (TEE) kanye nohlaza (GREEN).I-fairway ihlanganisa ama-bunkers, i-pool, ibhuloho kanye nomqansa, amagquma, umzila onzima kanye namabhola.Ngenxa yokuthi inkundla ngayinye inesitayela sokuklama esihlukile, ukwakheka kwalezi zingxenye kungahluka."Emithethweni yegalofu", ama-bunkers, izingozi zamanzi, nezindawo ezinotshani obude konke kubhekwa njengezithiyo zezifundo.Bangenza abadlali begalofu bazizwe benenselelo.Ukukhanyisa ebusuku nakho kubalulekile ukuzisiza ukuthi zidlale.Indima yayo efanele.Ukuhlelwa okuhle kokukhanyisa kungandisa inselele nobumnandi bokudlala igalofu ebusuku.
Indawo ye-teeing iyindawo eyinhloko yembobo ngayinye.Ukukhanyisa lapha kufanele kulungiswe ukuze abadlali begalofu abangakwesokunxele nakwesokudla babone ibhola kanye nesiphetho se-tee.Ukukhanya okuvundlile kufanele kube phakathi kuka-100 no-150 lx.Izibani ngokuvamile ziyizikhukhula ezisakazwa kabanzi futhi zingakhanyisa ezinhlangothini ezimbili ukugwema izithunzi zebhola, iklabhu, noma igalofu elishaya ibhola.
Ipali yokukhanya kufanele ifakwe okungenani i-120m ukusuka ekugcineni kwebhokisi le-tee.Ukukhanyisa okunezinhlangothi eziningi kuyadingeka etafuleni elikhulu le-teeing.Ukuphakama kwezinto zokukhanyisa amatafula e-teeing akufanele kube ngaphansi kwesigamu ubude betafula.Akufanele idlule u-9m.Ngokusho komkhuba wokufaka, ukwandisa ukuphakama kwe-fixture kuzothuthukisa umphumela wokukhanyisa ematafuleni e-teeing.Umthelela wokukhanya kwesigxobo esibude obuyi-14m ungcono kunokukhanya kwe-9m mid pole.
Ngenxa yesikhundla sabo, ingxenye ye-fairway yembobo ngayinye isebenzisa kakhulu isimo sezwe esikhona.Ububanzi bomgodi ngamunye buyahlukahluka kuye ngobunzima bomklamo wayo.I-fairway ejwayelekile ijika yonke indawo futhi yinde kakhulu endaweni yokufikela.Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya okwanele okuqondile, amalambu amancane angasetshenziswa ukulandelela ukukhanya kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-fairway.Indiza eqondile efanelekile ibhekisela ekuphakameni kwe-perpendicular of the fairway's centerline.Ububanzi be-fairway ububanzi bayo buphelele ngaleso sikhathi.Ubude be-fairway bulinganiswa ukusuka kumugqa omaphakathi we-fairway kuya ku-15 m ngaphezu kwe-fairway.Le ndiza eqondile itholakala phakathi kwezigxobo ezimbili ze-fairway light.Lezi zindiza eziqondile zizoba nomthelela ongcono ebholeni uma zikhethwa endaweni yokudonsa ibhola.
I-International Illuminance Standard (i-Z9110 1997 Edition) kanye nezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe ze-THORN zidinga ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-fairway evundlile kufanele kufinyelele ku-80-100lx kanye nokukhanya okuqondile ku-100-150lx.Izindiza eziqondile kufanele zibe nesilinganiso esingu-7:1 phakathi kokukhanya okuqondile nokukhanya okuncane.Kudingeka ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwendawo yokuqala eqondile yebhodi le-teeing nesigxobo sokukhanya etafuleni akumele libe ngaphansi kwama-30m.Ibanga phakathi kwezigxobo zokukhanya nendawo yokukhanya ekhethiwe kufanele futhi igcinwe ngaphakathi kwebanga elidingekayo.Kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zokukhanya kanye nezwe lapho isigxobo sokukhanya sikhona.Isibani kufanele okungenani sibe yi-11m ukusuka phansi kwesigxobo sesibani.Uma isigxobo sesibani sisendaweni enezindawo ezikhethekile, kufanele iphakanyiswe noma yehliswe ngokufanele.Izigxobo ezikhanyayo zingabekwa ezindaweni eziphakeme noma eduze komzila webhola ukuze kwehliswe umthelela wendawo.
Enye i-fairway yilapho uzothola khona izithiyo ezifana namabhuloho amancane namachibi angaphansi.Inani elithile lokukhanyisa kufanele licatshangelwe.Lokhu kungasukela ku-30 kuye ku-75lx.Ungakwazi futhi ukuyishaya kalula.Inkundla ingenziwa ithandeke kakhulu ngokuklanywa okufanele kokukhanyisa kwendawo.
Ukuze aqedele imbobo, umdlali uphusha ibhola embobeni ngokuliphusha ku-fairway.Okuluhlaza ukuphela kwembobo.Indawo ngokuvamile ingumqansa kakhulu kune-fairway futhi inokukhanya okuvundlile okungama-200 kuya ku-250 lx.Ngenxa yokuthi ibhola lingaphushwa lisuka kunoma iyiphi indlela endaweni eluhlaza, kubalulekile ukuthi isilinganiso phakathi kokukhanya okuphezulu okuvundlile kanye nokukhanya okuncane okuvundlile kungabi ngaphezu kuka-3:1.Ngakho umklamo wokukhanyisa indawo eluhlaza kufanele uhlanganise okungenani izinkomba ezimbili zokunciphisa izithunzi.Isigxobo esikhanyayo sibekwe endaweni enomthunzi ongu-40 degree phambi kwezindawo eziluhlaza.Uma ibanga eliphakathi kwezibani lincane noma lilingana nokuphindwe kathathu kunesigxobo sokukhanya, umphumela wokukhanyisa uzoba ngcono.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isigxobo sokukhanyisa akufanele sikwazi ukuphazamisa ikhono lomdlali wegalofu ukushaya ibhola.Futhi, ukukhanyisa akumele kudale i-glare eyingozi kubadlali begalufu kule fairway nakweminye imigwaqo.Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokuxhopha: ukuxhopha okuqondile;ukukhanya okukhanyayo;ukuxhopha okuvela ekugqameni okuphakeme kakhulu kanye nokuxhopha ngenxa yokungaphatheki kahle okubukwayo.Isiqondiso sokubonisa ukukhanya kwenkambo ekhanyisiwe sisethwe ngokuhambisana nesiqondiso sebhola.Umthelela wokuxhopha uzoba mncane uma ingekho imigwaqo eseduze.Lokhu kungenxa yomthelela ohlangene we-fairwaways emibili.Isiqondiso esiphambene sokukhanya kokukhanya siphambene.Abadlali abashaya ibhola le-fairway bazozwa ukukhanya okunamandla okuvela ezibani eziseduze.Lokhu kucwebezela kuwukuxhopha okuqondile okunamandla ngokwedlulele uma kuqhathaniswa nengemuva lesibhakabhaka esimnyama ebusuku.Abadlali begalofu bazozizwa bengakhululekile.Ukukhanya okuvela emigwaqweni eseduze kufanele kuncishiswe uma ukukhanyisa.
Lesi sihloko sidingida ngokuyinhloko ukuhlelwa kwezigxobo zokukhanya zenkundla kanye nendlela yokunciphisa ukubenyezela okuyingozi.Lawa maphuzu abalulekile ukucatshangelwa lapho ukhetha imithombo yokukhanyisa nezibani.
1. Kuncanyelwa ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya esebenza kahle kakhulu.Lokhu kuvumela ukukhanya okufanayo, okunciphisa isidingo semithombo yokukhanya eyengeziwe, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwehlisa izindleko zezinto zokujikeleza kagesi kanye nezindleko zokufaka.
2. Umthombo wokukhanya onokunikeza umbala ophezulu nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu uyanconywa.Ukuzijwayeza kwenkundla kubonisa ukuthi inkomba yokunikeza umbala i-Ra> 90 kanye nezinga lokushisa lombala legolide elingaphezu kuka-5500K yikona okubaluleke kakhulu.
3. Bheka umthombo wokukhanya onezici zokulawula ezinhle.
4. Qondanisa umthombo wesibani nezibani.Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo lwesibani nesakhiwo kuyahambisana namandla omthombo wokukhanya.
5. Izibani ezihambisana nendawo ezungezile kufanele zikhethwe.Izibani zegceke elikhanyayo zibekwe endaweni evulekile engaphandle.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinga lokuvikelwa emanzini kanye nokushaqeka kukagesi.Ibanga lokuvikela i-IP66 noma ibanga leBanga E lokuvikela ukushaqeka kukagesi ngokuvamile liyakhethwa.Kubalulekile ukucabangela umkhathi wendawo kanye nokusebenza kwesibani sokuqeda ukugqwala.
6. Amalambu kufanele akwazi ukusebenzisa ijika lokusabalalisa ukukhanya.Amalambu kufanele abe nokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya okuhle futhi anciphise ukuxhopha ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya nokulahlekelwa amandla.
7. Izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi zibalulekile lapho ukhetha izibani nemithombo yokukhanya eyongayo.Ibhekwa ngokuyinhloko kusukela kuma-engeli esici sokusetshenziswa kwesibani nesibani nesikhathi sokuphila somthombo wokukhanya, kanye nesici sokunakekela isibani.
8. Izigxobo zokukhanya - kunezinhlobo eziningi zezigxobo zokukhanya, ezihlanganisa ukulungiswa, ukutshekisa, ukuphakamisa umoya, ukuphakamisa umoya kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwe-hydraulic.Imvelo yenkundla yezemidlalo namandla omnotho womtshalizimali kufanele konke kubhekwe lapho kukhethwa uhlobo olufanele.Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuhle bemvelo benkundla kanye nemvelo akuthinteki.
Ukucabangela Ukuklama
Indawo engcono kakhulu yesigxobo sokukhanya okufanele ibekwe ebhokisini le-tee ingemuva kwayo ngqo.Lokhu kuzovimbela izithunzi zabadlali begalofu ukuthi bavale amabhola egalufu.Izigxobo ezimbili zokukhanya zingadingeka kumatafula amade e-teeing.Kubalulekile ukugcina izigxobo zokukhanya ngaphambili kwamatafula e-teeing zingaphazamisi nalawo angemuva.
Izibani ku-fairway kumele zikwazi ukubona amabhola ewa nhlangothi zombili.Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukubenyezela emigwaqweni eyimibukiso engomakhelwane.Ukuze unciphise izigxobo zokukhanya zenombolo, imigwaqo emincane kufanele iwele okungenani kabili ubude bezigxobo zokukhanya.I-Fairways enobude obungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kobezigxobo izodinga ukuthi amalambu agqagqene futhi adlulelane lapho amalambu ephrojekthi.Ukuze kuzuzwe ukufana okungcono, ibanga phakathi kwezigxobo akufanele lidlule ngokuphindwe kathathu ubude bazo.Ngesilawuli esixhophayo nezinye izesekeli, isiqondiso sokuvela kwawo wonke amalambu kufanele sihambisane nesiqondiso sebhola.
Izinkomba ezimbili eziphambene zokukhanya zikhanyisa okuluhlaza, okunciphisa ithunzi kubadlali begalofu abafaka ibhola.Isigxobo esikhanyayo kufanele sibekwe phakathi kuka-15 kuya ku-35 degree womugqa ophakathi nendawo oluhlaza.Umkhawulo wokuqala wama-degree angu-15 ukunciphisa ukuxhopha kwabadlala igalofu.Umkhawulo wesibili ukuvimbela izibani ukuthi ziphazamise ukudubula.Ibanga phakathi kwezigxobo akumele lidlule ngokuphindwe kathathu ubude bazo.Isigxobo ngasinye akufanele sibe nezibani ezingengaphansi kwezimbili.Ukucatshangelwa okwengeziwe kufanele kunikezwe inombolo yezibani kanye ne-engeli yokuqagela uma kukhona ama-bunkers, imigwaqo yamanzi, i-fairway, noma ezinye izithiyo.
Uma ukhanyisa ngokuvundlile, amalambu aluhlaza kanye ne-tee, ama-wide-beam angcono kakhulu.Nokho, idatha yokukhanya ephakeme ayinakwenzeka.Ukukhanyisa kwe-Fairway kudinga amalambu ane-beam ebanzi kanye nemishayo emincane ukuze kuhlanganiswe ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokukhanyisa ongcono.Umklamo wokukhanyisa ungcono, amajika amaningi atholakala esibanini.
Khetha umkhiqizo
Ukukhanyisa kwe-VKSincoma ukuthi kusetshenziswe izibani zangaphandle zasenkantolo kanye nezibani ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokukhanyisa isifundo.
Idizayini yokubona ethuthukisiwe enama-engeli amane okusabalalisa ukukhanya kwamalensi angu-10/25/45/60degavailable ekukhanyeni okuthambile.Ilungele imidlalo yangaphandle efana negalofu, ibasketball, kanye nebhola.
Umthombo wokukhanya we-SMD3030 ongenisiwe wangempela, ilensi yePC ebonakalayo edlulisa kakhulu, ethuthukisa ukusetshenziswa komthombo wokukhanya ngo-15% womklamo wokusabalalisa ukukhanya ochwepheshe.Ivikela ngempumelelo ukukhanya nokuchitheka kokukhanya.Ukusebenza okuzinzile, imojula eyodwa evamile enesihlangu sokukhanya, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhanyisa, ukunikeza ukukhanya okuphelele kwelensi ye-PC, imiphetho yokukhanya enqunyiwe ephezulu, kuvimbela ukukhanya kusuka esibhakabhakeni.Lokhu kungathuthukisa i-refraction yokukhanya, kukhuphule ukukhanya, ukukhanya okungcono, kukwenze kukhanye ngendlela efanayo futhi kuthambe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2022
